LEVEL 1
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LEVEL 2
coming soon ...
LEVEL 3 ADVANCED STUDENTS ONLY
CATEGORIES & EXAMPLES
MODIFIERSExplanation: Words or phrases used to modify (describe or qualify) other words, adding detail, emphasis, or clarity. Ideas:
IDIOMSExplanation: Expressions whose meanings aren't literal but are understood culturally or contextually. Ideas: 1. A blessing in disguise 2. Hit the nail on the head 3. Piece of cake 4. Let the cat out of the bag 5. Once in a blue moon 6. The ball is in your court 7. Spill the beans 8. Beat around the bush TRIPPLINGExplanation: Using three related words, ideas, or phrases in a sentence for emphasis or rhythm. Ideas:
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PHRASAL VERBSExplanation: Verbs combined with one or more particles (prepositions or adverbs) that create a meaning different from the original verb. Ideas:
STRUCTUREExplanation: Grammatical or syntactic patterns used for specific purposes in conversation. Ideas: 1. First conditional (If + present simple, will + base verb) 2. Passive voice (be + past participle) 3. Modal verbs (can, could, should, must, etc.) 4. Worth doing (It’s worth + gerund) 5. Gerunds and infinitives (e.g., enjoy doing, want to do) 6. Reported speech (He said that…) 7. Second conditional (If + past simple, would + base verb) 8. Cleft sentences (It is/was… that…) 9. Present perfect (have/has + past participle) 10. Comparatives and superlatives (e.g., more than, the most…) |
KEY VOCABULARYExplanation: Essential vocabulary related to a lesson topic, enabling meaningful conversation. Ideas for a topic like "Environmental Issues":
QUESTION TAGSExplanation: Short questions at the end of a statement, used to confirm or seek agreement. The structure depends on the auxiliary verb or tense in the main sentence. Ideas: 1. It's a nice day, isn't it? 2. You’re coming to the party, aren’t you? 3. She can swim, can’t she? 4. They don’t know the answer, do they? 5..We should leave early, shouldn’t we? 6. He hasn’t finished, has he? 7. You’ve met her before, haven’t you? 8. This isn’t working, is it? 9. They will help us, won’t they? 10. You wouldn’t mind waiting, would you? LINKING WORDSExplanation: Words or phrases used to connect ideas, sentences, or paragraphs, ensuring coherence and logical flow in conversation. Ideas: 1. Still 2. For starters 3. On the other hand 4. Even so 5. While 6. Not only that 7. Plus 8. Also 9. What's more 10. Having said that |
ADVANCED CATEGORIES
Digression
Explanation: A temporary departure from the main topic in conversation to discuss something else. Often used to provide context, make a point, or entertain.
Examples:
Speaking of vacations, did you hear about the time I got lost in Rome?
Before I answer your question about the meeting, let me tell you what happened on my way here.
That reminds me of something completely unrelated but hilarious—want to hear?
Examples:
Speaking of vacations, did you hear about the time I got lost in Rome?
Before I answer your question about the meeting, let me tell you what happened on my way here.
That reminds me of something completely unrelated but hilarious—want to hear?
Sarcasm
Explanation: A sharp, often ironic remark intended to mock or convey contempt. Frequently relies on tone and context to be understood.
Examples:
Oh, great! Another email to answer—just what I needed today!
Wow, you’re so punctual. Only 30 minutes late this time.
Sure, because spending all weekend working is exactly my idea of fun.
Examples:
Oh, great! Another email to answer—just what I needed today!
Wow, you’re so punctual. Only 30 minutes late this time.
Sure, because spending all weekend working is exactly my idea of fun.
Onomatopoeia
Explanation: Words that imitate natural sounds, often used for vivid descriptions.
Examples:
The deal went off with a bang, exceeding all expectations for the quarter.
The printer whirred as it churned out copies of the contract for the meeting.
We heard the ding of the notification, signalling the confirmation of the payment.
Examples:
The deal went off with a bang, exceeding all expectations for the quarter.
The printer whirred as it churned out copies of the contract for the meeting.
We heard the ding of the notification, signalling the confirmation of the payment.
Simile and Metaphor
Explanation: Both are figures of speech. A simile compares two things using "like" or "as," while a metaphor states one thing is another for symbolic meaning.
Examples:
The new hire is as sharp as a tack and picks up tasks quickly.
The team worked together like a well-oiled machine to meet the deadline.
Closing the deal was like finding a needle in a haystack, but we did it!
Examples:
The new hire is as sharp as a tack and picks up tasks quickly.
The team worked together like a well-oiled machine to meet the deadline.
Closing the deal was like finding a needle in a haystack, but we did it!
Hyperbole
Explanation: Deliberate exaggeration for emphasis or effect, not meant to be taken literally.
Examples:
The email inbox was overflowing—there must have been ten thousand unread messages!
We’ve been working on this pitch forever, but it’s finally ready to present.
We’ve discussed this budget proposal a million times already!
Examples:
The email inbox was overflowing—there must have been ten thousand unread messages!
We’ve been working on this pitch forever, but it’s finally ready to present.
We’ve discussed this budget proposal a million times already!
